An Intrinsic Limit to Quantum Coherence due to Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

by Jasper van Wezel, Jeroen van den Brink, & Jan Zaanen Physical Review Letters, 17 Jun 2005 We investigate the influence of spontaneous symmetry breaking on the decoherence of a many-particle quantum system. This decoherence process is analyzed in an exactly solvable model system that is known to be representative of symmetry broken macroscopic systems in equilibrium. It is shown that spontaneous symmetry breaking imposes a fundamental limit to the time that a system can stay quantum coherent. This universal time scale is t_spon2N/(k_BT), given in terms of the number of microscopic degrees of freedom N, temperature T, and the constants of Planck () and Boltzmann (k_B). Read more